Ghorban Asgari
1 
, Afsaneh Rafizadeh
2, Maryam Ghasemi
2,3* 1 Social Determinants of Health Research Center (SDHRC), Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
2 Students Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
3 Young Researchers and Elite Club, Arak Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arak, Iran
Abstract
Carbon modified pumice (CP) was successfully synthesized for the rapid removal of fluoride ions from the solvent phase. The batch experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of several operational parameters including carbon content, solution pH, initial fluoride concentration, contact time, adsorbent dose, and temperature on the CP efficiency in fluoride adsorption. The surface morphology, as well as the structural and functional groups of the synthesized CP were evaluated using the scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Brunauer, Emmett and Teller (BET) method, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), respectively. The adsorption isotherm and kinetic data were found to be in good agreement with the Langmuir and pseudo-second-order models, respectively. Finally, the negative value of ΔG° revealed the spontaneous nature of the fluoride adsorption onto the CP adsorbent.